LEGAL REGIME: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE

Author
, Сandidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Financial Law, Ukraine, Kharkiv

In heading

 Law;

Signed print

 27.06.2024

Issues number

 2024 - 2 (57)

Page

 55-70

Type of articles

 Scientific article

Code UDK

 34.01:35.078.7

ISSN print

 2411-5584

Abstract

 Problem setting. InAugust 2021 the Law of Ukraine “On stimulating the development of the digital economy in Ukraine” entered into force, which introduced the legal regime of Diya City. Thus, the question of determining the content of DiyaCity”s legal regime arises. However, comprehensive research first needs to examine the problem of the legal regime as a whole.
Recent research and publication analysis. In the scientific literature, sufficient attention is paid to the problems of the legal regime. The content of the legal regime is revealed in textbooks on the theory of law. But there is still no universal approach to understanding the meaning of the concept of “legal regime”.
Paper objective. The purpose of the article isto substantiate the approach to determining the content of the legal regime from the standpoint of legislative regulation as the basis of classification and characteristics of its types.
Paper main body. The classification of legal regimes into general and special is not justified. It can be only conditionally talked about a certain general legal regime (it is the only one), which operates on the condition that no special legal regime is introduced. Any legal regime establishes the peculiarities of regulation of a certain circle of social relations. It is logical to talk about constitutional regimes, that is provided for by the Constitution of Ukraine, and legal regimes that are not provided for by it. The legal regime is a feature of the regulation of a certain circle of social relations.
Conclusion of the research. The legal regime should be considered as a set of legal norms that determine a different order of regulation of a certain circle of social relations. Therefore, the definition of martial law as a special legal regime is not logical. The legal regime of martial law is a set of legal norms that in the condition of imposition of martial law determine the procedure for granting the relevant state authorities, military command, military administrations and local self-government bodies powers. Such powers are necessary to avert the threat, repel armed aggression and ensure national security, eliminate
the threat danger to the state independence of Ukraine, its territorial integrity, and a temporary, threat-induced, restriction of the constitutional rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen and the rights and legal interests of legal entities with an indication of the period of validity of these restrictions in the event of armed aggression or threat of attack, danger to the state independence of Ukraine, its territorial integrity.
Legal regimes may be provided for by the Constitution of Ukraine or may not be. This leads to the possibility of establishing different legal regimes, for which no mandatory conditions have been established regarding the grounds for establishment and their content. The legislator is actually not limited in the ability to establish any legal regime by arbitrarily defining its content. At the same time, only in relation to the legal regimes enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine the requirement for definition by law is provided.
Short Abstract for an article
Abstract. In the article, based on the analysis of the approaches of legal science to revealing the content of the concept of legal regime, its essence is substantiated as a set of legal norms that determine the order of regulation of a certain range of social relations. The types, main characteristics and differences of legal regimes of martial law, state of emergency, zone of an ecological emergency zone and zone of temporarily occupied territory are disclosed.

Keywords

 legal regime, types of legal regimes, the legal regime of martial law, the legal regime of a state of emergency, the legal regime of an ecological emergency zone, the legal regime of a temporarily occupied territory

Reviewer

External reviewer

Article in PDF

 Economic Theory and Law, 2024-2-55-70

Bibliography

 1. Pro stymuliuvannia rozvytku tsyfrovoi ekonomiky v Ukraini: Zakon Ukrainy vid 15.07.2021 №1667‑IX [On stimulating the development of the digital economy in Ukraine. Law of Ukraine dated July 15, 2021]. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1667-20#Text [in Ukrainian].
2. Zhvanko, Yu. P. (2019). Poniattia ta sutnist osoblyvykh pravovykh rezhymiv v Ukraini [Concept and essence ofspecial legal regimes in Ukraine]. Naukovyi visnyk publichnoho ta pryvatnoho prava – Scientific bulletin of public and private law, 2(2), 43–49 [in Ukrainian].
3. Kosse, D. D. (2010). Znachennia ta sutnist pravovoho rezhymu v pravovii systemi Ukrainy [Meaning and essence of the legal regime in the legal system of Ukraine]. Chasopys Kyivskoho universytetu prava – Journal of the Kyiv University of Law, 2, 25–29 [in Ukrainian].
4. Kharchenko, N. P. (2018). Vydy pravovykh rezhymiv: pliuralizm naukovykh pidkhodiv [Types of legal regimes: pluralism ofscientific approaches]. Prykarpatskyi yurydychnyi visnyk – Subcarpathian Law Herald, 1(22), 25–28 [in Ukrainian].
5. Haidamaka, I. (2008). Pravovyi rezhym: poniattia ta vydy [Legal regime: Concepts and types]. Derzhavne budivnytstvo i mistseve samovriaduvannia – State building and local self-government, 15, 120–127 [in Ukrainian].
6. Kovalenko, N. (2019). Do pytannia pro vyznachennia poniattia ta oznak pravovoho rezhymu [On the issue of defining the concept and features of the legal regime]. Pidpryiemnytstvo, hospodarstvo i pravo – Entrepreneurship, economy and law, 12, 254–258. http://pgp-journal.kiev.ua/archive/2019/12/48.pdf [in Ukrainian].
7. Ternavska, V. M. (2023). Pravovi rezhymy vidpovidno do teorii konstytutsiinopravovoi polityky [Legal regimes according to the theory of constitutional and legal politics]. Nove ukrainske pravo – New Ukrainian law, 4, 100–106. http://newukrainianlaw.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/518/469 [in Ukrainian].
8. Petryshyn, O. V. (Ed.) (2020). Zahalna teoriia prava [General theory of law]. Pravo [in Ukrainian].
9. Yakovlev, O. A. (2015). «Pravovyi rezhym»: pidkhody do vyznachennia poniattia [«Legal regime»: approaches to defining the concept]. Pravo ta innovatsii – Law and innovation, 2(10), 80–85. https://ndipzir.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Yakovlev10.pdf [in Ukrainian].
10. Konstytutsiia Ukrainy [The Constitution of Ukraine]. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy – The Official Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 30. Art. 141. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254 %D0 %BA/96-%D0 %B2 %D1 %80#Text [in Ukrainian].
11. Tsyvilnyi kodeks Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 16.01.2003 No 435‑IV [Civil Code of Ukraine. Law of Ukraine dated January 16, 2003]. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435-15#Text [in Ukrainian].
12. Pro derzhavnyi kordon Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 04.11.1991 No 1777‑XII [On the state border of Ukraine. Law of Ukraine dated November 4, 1991]. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1777-12#Text [in Ukrainian].
13. Pro pravotvorchu diialnist: Zakon Ukrainy vid 24.08.2023 No 3354‑IX [On law-making activity. Law of Ukraine dated August 24, 2023]. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3354-20#Text [in Ukrainian].
14. Pro pravovyi rezhym voiennoho stanu: Zakon Ukrainy vid 12.05.2015 No 389‑VIII [On the legal regime of martial law. Law of Ukraine dated May 12, 2015]. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/389-19#Text [in Ukrainian].
15. Pro pravovyi rezhym nadzvychainoho stanu: Zakon Ukrainy vid 16.03.2000 No 1550‑III [On the legal regime of the state of emergency. Law of Ukraine dated March 16, 2000]. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1550-14#Text [in Ukrainian].
16. Pro zonu nadzvychainoi ekolohichnoi sytuatsii: Zakon Ukrainy vid 13.07.2000 No 1908‑III [On the zone of emergency environmental situation. Law of Ukraine dated July 13, 2000]. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1908-14#Text [in Ukrainian].
17. Pro rehlament Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 10.02.2010 No 1861‑VI [On the regulations of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Law of Ukraine dated February 10, 2010]. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1861-17#n1495 [in Ukrainian].
18. Pro vvedennia voiennoho stanu v Ukraini: Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 24.02.2022 No 64/2022 [On the introduction of martial law in Ukraine. Decree of the President of Ukraine dated February 24, 2022]. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/64/2022#Text [in Ukrainian].
19. Pro zabezpechennia prav i svobod hromadian ta pravovyi rezhym na tymchasovo okupovanii terytorii Ukrainy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 15.04.2014 No 1207‑VII [On ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens and the legal regime in the temporarily occupied territory of Ukraine. Law of Ukraine dated April 15, 2014]. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1207-18#Text [in Ukrainian].

Code DOI

 https://doi.org/10.31359/2411-5584-2024-57-2-55

27.06.2024